EVOLUTION
In
1839, banker William Ackers the first bank established in Venezuela
foreign capital, called British Colonial Bank, which was led by
Leandro de Miranda, son of the hero Francisco de Miranda, however
this institution ceases operations in 1848. Then he founded along
with other investors and the Venezuelan State National Bank of
Venezuela, which fulfill the founding of customs collection and
cancellation of the national budget; besides facilitating discounts
and deposits in 1850 but closed its doors.
In
1981 a bank called Banco de Venezuela, his relationship with the
homonymous any institution today that would only fulfill one year of
service after failing banking policies that had drawn its founders
established . Banco de Caracas, born in 1862 serious but settled in
1866, would later be founded and settled other banks with that name
in the periods.
Once
settled the last of the Banco Caracas Commercial Bank, which managed
to consolidate and grow to become Banco de Venezuela in 1890 still
existing, which initially was private capital and now belongs
entirely to the Venezuelan State is based were called. The
establishment of the current modern banks in Venezuela Bank of
Maracaibo on July 20, 1882, which also would serve as issuer of
banknotes is achieved, this would follow the current Bank of
Venezuela which was legally registered on September 2, 1890 after the
transformation of the Commercial Bank. Commercial Bank of Maracaibo
in 1916 and later foreign banks like Royal Bank of Canada were
established, later called Banco Royal Venezolano, International Bank
and Inter Bank today merged with Banco Mercantil, The National City
Bank of New York (Citi Bank) and Bando Holandades Kingdom, named
after Continental Bank until its merger with Banco Provincial.
In
1925 and 1926 they are founded Venezuelan Bank of Credit and
Commercial Bank and Agricultural. State participation with its own
institutions arrived in 1928 under the dictatorship of Juan Vicente
Gómez, with the creation of specialized banks to boost the
agricultural sector and construction of housing. On June 13, 1928 BAP
is created based in Maracay.
DEFINITION
OF BANK
It
is an institution of a financial nature , on the one hand, manages
the money leaving them in custody clients and also uses this to lend
to other individuals or companies by applying an interest , which is
one of the various forms you have to do business and go expanding the
money from their coffers.
TYPES
OF BANKS IN VENEZUELA
The
banking system is the set of institutions that enable the development
of all entity transactions, individuals, companies and organizations
involving the use of money; They are classified into public and
private. These institutions receive cash deposits, grant loans and
provide other Services, try to cover all the financial needs of the
economy of a country.
BANK
PUBLIC
Those
whose capital is provided by the State. To find out, measure and
evaluate their performance in society is necessary to define
indicators of policies, procedures and practices appropriate to the
sector management; qualitative and quantitative indicators, to set
goals and track. These indicators are not only purposes but results
that integrate economic, social and environmental dimensions, trying
to measure intangibles acts as capital, human capital, intellectual
capital and environmental capital.
Social
Approach of the Venezuelan Public Banking is based on financing
projects that ensure socially responsible development consistent with
good practices of environmental management. It is therefore important
to note that the company-society relationship must enhance
transparency, by knowledge generators which are competitive,
sustainable benefits and social progress.
HA
Achieved in recent years the Venezuelan public banks granting own
funds and with funds set aside by the state, new lines of credit to
sectors of industry, agriculture, social housing, micro, small and
medium enterprises (MSMEs), and infrastructure, to boost the
productive sector of the economy.
One
of the functions is referred in bringing the banking service to
popular areas, seeking thereby strengthening the savings culture
among citizens and improve their quality of life.
Develop
Social programs through agreements established with the Chinese
Republic, which aims to provide families with limited resources
appliances, thereby promoting fair trade, creating a new system of
distribution of basic necessities to eradicate speculation.
PRIVATE
BANK
In
The mass market retail banking, usually through bank advisors. It
should not be confused with a private bank, which is simply a bank
incorporated.
From
A private institution banking division will provide various services
such as wealth management, savings, inheritance and tax planning for
their clients. A high-level form of private banking, refers often to
wealth management.
For
Venezuelan private banking services the customer pays, either in
terms of number of transactions, the annual portfolio performance or
a "flat fee", usually calculated as an annual percentage of
the total amount of the investment. According to Euromoney private
banking and management of wealth ranking in 2010, which considered
assets under management, profitability, ratio of clients to
relationship managers and services offered.
Universal
banking:
Universal
banks are those that can perform financial intermediation operations
and other operations and financial services that are compatible with
their nature, with the limitations provided in this Decree Law. Art.
87 of the General Law on Banks and other financial institutions.
The
Universal Banking also known as continental model. This type of bank
is characterized by carrying out all kinds of activities of savings
and loan, focused both large companies and SMEs and individuals.
Among others, they can perform operations on the securities markets
and provide multiple financial services.
-
To Extend its range of financial instruments for the capitalization of resources and can receive deposits both short and long term under different modalities.
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Power Financial intermediation operations in different terms .
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Provide Under the same figure, the services offered individually different terms
-
Provide Under the same figure, the services offered individually specialized financial institutions.
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Operate With a specialized and integrated , both in its organizational and operational aspect, due to the magnitude and diversity of businesses that handle varied departmental structure.
-
Keep Levels higher than those of the specialized banking capitalization.
Commercial
banks bases its activity in raising funds repayable on demand and
short-term public, in order to grant credit and loans, mostly also
with a short-term perspective. This work enables, on the one hand,
stimulate savings in the overall economy and, secondly, the
investment of entrepreneurs who can access resources to finance their
projects incentive. The difference between the income achieved by
yielding funds and the costs they face by capture them is the basis
of its outcome, must have a positive sense. It is what is known as
net interest income or financial, first step of the income of any
bank, a commercial bank that becomes even more important. Commercial
banks also often perform other types of operations such as those
related to credit and debit cards, transfers, guarantees or
stockbroking.
The
functions of commercial banks are mainly three:
Function
mediating
between savers and borrowers, ie, among the agents with higher income
and consumption to those who wish to have some expenses exceeding
your income . Thus serve the function of facilitating the financing
of the economy, to the extent that a monetary economy could not
function without the banking system.
Function
Money creation,
to the extent that can open deposits to their customers or allow the
provision checks exceeds the amount deposited. With the expansion of
the deposits they would increase the banking system money and
therefore creating money.
Function
Safety for
operators who deposited in bank deposits their cash income to protect
them from loss and theft.
Characteristics
-
The Main role is to save a bank borrowed funds in the form of deposits and to provide safety deposit boxes, transactions denominated liabilities.
-
To Safeguard these funds, banks charge a number of fees, which also apply to the different services that modern banks offer their customers in an increasingly competitive environment: credit cards, overdraft, phone bank, between others. However, since the bank can provide savings depositor, pays the latter by paying interest.
We
can distinguish various types of deposits:
Deposits
can be realized in the current accounts denominated: the client gives
the bank a certain amount for it to the store and can dispose of them
at any time. Some time ago, to acquire historical, these deposits
were not paid, but the increasing competition among banks has made
this trend has changed dramatically in all Western countries.
Banks
offer savings accounts, which are also deposits, that is, you can
have them at any time. Deposits and withdrawals are made and are
recorded through a savings account, which is considered a financial
document. The availability of these deposits is lower than that of
the current accounts since forced to turn to the bank to dispose of
the funds, while current accounts allow the provision of funds using
checks and credit cards.
The
so-called fixed-term accounts , in which there is no freely available
funds, but they are recovered by the due date although, in practice,
can have these funds before the set date, but with a penalty
(remuneration of the fund is lower than in the case of waiting for
the expiration date).
Certificates
of deposit, very similar financial instruments to deposits or fixed
term accounts; the main difference is given by how documented. The
certificates are made through a written document interchangeable, ie,
whose ownership can be transferred. Linked savings deposits are paid
accounts related to active banking functions (the case of a housing
account: the amounts deposited should be used for a specific purpose,
such as the acquisition of housing).
REGULATORS
OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM:
Ministry
of Finance, Central Bank of Venezuela, FOGADE, SUDEBAN, Banking
Counci, BANAVI, SENIAT; among others.
Enlaces
de Interés:
Ministerio
del Poder Popular de Planificación y Finanzas, Banco Central de
Venezuela, Superintendencia de Bancos, Fogade, Asociación Bancaria
de Venezuela, Consejo Nacional Bancario.
http://equipo7banca.blogspot.com/p/carlos.html
https://es.scribd.com/doc/67993946/Origen-y-evolucion-de-la-banca-en-venezuela
http://juanbancacolmex.blogspot.com/2011/05/estructura-bancaria-en-venezuela_18.html
http://trinasalas10.blogspot.com/2011/07/marco-legal-que-rige-el-sistema.html
http://www.definicionabc.com/economia/banco.php